日前，国家卫健委发布《新冠病毒抗原自测基本要求及流程》，其中明确新冠病毒抗原自测适用于隔离观察人员和社区居民。新冠抗原自测产品应该怎么用？操作时有哪些步骤？需要特别注意什么？怎么判断测试结果？下面我们来手把手来教你！
抗原自测操作流程
Antigen Self-test Procedure
（一）抗原自测前准备
Ⅰ. Preparations before using the antigen self-test kit
1. 洗手。使用流动清水或手部消毒液清洗双手。
Wash your hands. Clean your hands with running water or disinfectant.
2. 了解检测流程。仔细阅读抗原自测试剂配套说明书及抗原自测相关注意事项。
Learn how to use the kit. Carefully read the instructions and notices of the kit.
3. 试剂准备。检查抗原自测试剂是否在保质期内，检查鼻拭子、采样管、检测卡等内容物是否有缺失或破损。如试剂过期或试剂内容物缺失、破损应及时更换检测试剂。
Check the kit. Make sure that the reagents are within the expiration date and all the equipment inside, such as nasal swabs, sampling tubes, test cards, etc., are complete and unbroken. If not so, change to a new kit.
4. 确认检测对环境温湿度要求。胶体金试纸条检测一般要求在 14℃-30℃常温条件下，避免过冷、过热或过度潮湿环境导致检测结果异常。抗原检测卡拆除包装后置于平坦、清洁处。
Check the test kit's requirements for the environmental temperature and humidity.Usually, colloidal-gold test strips require a temperature between 14℃ - 30℃. Excessively cold, hot or humid environments should be avoided to ensure correct test results. When removed from the package, the antigen test cards should be placed in a flat and clean place.
（二）样本采集
Ⅱ. Sample collection
1. 年龄 14 岁以上的，可自行进行鼻腔拭子采样。自检者先用卫生纸擤去鼻涕。小心拆开鼻拭子外包装，避免手部接触拭子头。随后头部微仰，一手执拭子尾部贴一侧鼻孔进入，沿下鼻道的底部向后缓缓深入 1-1.5 厘米后贴鼻腔旋转至少 4 圈（停留时间不少于 15 秒），随后使用同一拭子对另一鼻腔重复相同操作。
The users aged above 14 years old may take their samples themselves.Please blow your nose to clear mucus before performing a self-test. Unpack the nasal swab carefully without touching the swab head with your hands. Tilt your head back slightly, hold the end of the swab, put it into one nostril slowly by 1 to 1.5 cm along the bottom and rotate the swab at least 4 times against the nasal cavity (for at least 15 seconds). Then repeat the procedures in the other nostril using the same swab.
2. 年龄 2-14 岁自检者应由其他成人代为采样。采样时，先用卫生纸擤去鼻涕，随后头部微仰。采样人员小心拆开鼻拭子外包装，手部避免接触拭子头,一手轻扶被采集人员的头部，一手执拭子贴一侧鼻孔进入，沿下鼻道的底部向后缓缓深入 1 厘米后贴鼻腔旋转至少 4 圈（停留时间不少于 15 秒），随后使用同一拭子对另一鼻腔重复相同操作。
The samples of the users aged between 2 and 14 years old should be taken by adults. The young users should blow their noses to clear mucus and tilt their heads back slightly. The adult who helps take the samples should unpack the nasal swab carefully without touching the swab head with their hands, keep one hand on the user's head gently, put the swab into one nostril of the user slowly by 1 cm along the bottom and rotate the swab for at least 4 times against the user's nasal cavity (for at least 15 seconds). Then the adult repeats the procedures in the other nostril of the user using the same swab.
（三）抗原检测
Ⅲ. Antigen test
1. 根据试剂说明书，将采集样本后的鼻拭子立即置于采样管中，拭子头应在保存液中旋转混匀至少 30 秒，同时用手隔着采样管外壁挤压拭子头至少 5 次，确保样本充分洗脱于采样管中。
After taking the sample, put the nasal swab immediately in the sampling tube in accordance with the instructions. The swab head should be swirled in the preserving solution for at least 30 seconds and squeezed by hand inside the tube at least 5 times to ensure a full elution of the sample in the sampling tube.
2. 用手隔着采样管外壁将拭子头液体挤干后，将拭子弃去。采样管盖盖后，将液体垂直滴入检测卡样本孔中。
Throw away the swab after squeezing it by hand inside the tube. After capping the sampling tube, dribble the solution vertically into the sample hole of the test card.
3. 根据试剂说明书，等待一定时间后进行结果判读。
Wait for a certain period of time as required by the instructions and then read the results.
阳性结果：“C”和“T”处均显示出红色或紫色条带，“T”处条带颜色可深可浅，均为阳性结果。
Positive result: Red or purple bands are shown at both "C" and "T" whether the color of the band at "T" is dark or light.
阴性结果：“C”处显示出红色或紫色条带，“T”处未显示条带。
Negative result: A red or purple band is shown at "C" and no band at "T".
无效结果：“C”处未显示出红色或紫色条带，无论“T”处是否显示条带。结果无效，需重新取试纸条重测。
Invalid result: No red or purple band is shown at "C" whether there is a band at "T" or not. It means the result is invalid and a new test should be taken with a new test strip.
测试卡C处显示红色条带，检测结果为阴性
（四）废弃物处理
Ⅳ. Waste disposal
1. 隔离观察人员。检测结果不论阴性还是阳性，所有使用后的采样拭子、采样管、检测卡等装入密封袋由管理人员参照医疗废物或按程序处理。
For the quarantined people: Whether the results are negative or positive, all the used equipment such as the sampling swabs, tubes and test cards, should be put in sealed bags and disposed of by the professionals as medical waste or in accordance with the relevant procedures.
2. 社区居民。检测结果阴性的，使用后的所有鼻拭子、采样管、检测卡等装入密封袋中后作为一般垃圾处理；检测结果阳性的，在人员转运时一并交由医疗机构按照医疗废物处理。
For the community residents: If the test result is negative, all the used equipment such as sampling swabs, tubes and test cards, should be put in sealed bags and disposed of as general waste. In the case of a positive result, the sealed waste should be given to the hospital that comes to pick up the person and disposed of as medical waste.
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