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本土文化之Shadow play（皮影戏）
Shadow play, an ancient traditional folk art in China, is the earliest art of motion shadow pictures dubbed by people in the world. This ancient art has been very popular. It has provided the Chinese people for generations with a lot of joyous time for thousands of years. The principle of curtain shade and ways of performance adopted by shadow play played an important leading role in the invention and development of the modem movies. Several years ago, shadow play was listed in the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists.
皮影戏(shadow play), 一门古老的中国传统民间艺术，是世界上最早由人配音(dub )的活动影画艺术。这门古老的艺术流行范围极为广泛。千百年来，给祖祖辈辈的人带来了许多欢乐的时光。皮影戏所用的幕影原理，以及表演形式，对近代电影的发明和发展也起到了重要的先导作用。几年前，皮影戏被列入联合国教科文组织人类非物质文化遗产名录(UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists)。
Shadow play is a form of Chinese folk art with a long history. The actors or actresses in a shadow play are figures made of cow leather. Being controlled by one or several persons, these figures are reflected via a light on the screen. Shadow play is most popular in the area of Shanxi and Gansu Provinces and often performed in the temple fairs, wedding ceremonies and funeral ceremonies, etc. With the purpose of driving out evil spirits, people wish that the performance of shadow play will bring them good fortune. Delicate and vivid shadow figures have become a kind of collection and are greatly loved by foreigners.
皮影戏(shadow play)是中国的一种民间艺术，拥有悠久的历史。皮影戏所需要的演员是用牛皮做的皮影人形，由一个或几个人控制着，并用光将它们反射到幕布上。皮影戏在陕西和甘肃地区最为流行，经常在庙会、婚礼和葬礼等场合演出。皮影戏是用来驱邪的，人们希望皮影戏的演出能给他们带来好运。精致生动的皮影人形已经成为一种收藏品，深受外国人的喜爱。
History of Shadow Puppets
皮影戏的历史
More than 2000 years ago,a favorite concubine of Wu Emperor of the Han Dynasty died of illness；the emperor missed her so much that he lost his desire to reign. One day, a minister happened to see children playing with dolls where the shadows on the floor were vivid. Inspired by this scene,the smart minister hit upon an idea. He made a cotton puppet of the concubine and painted it. As night fell, he invited the emperor to watch a rear-illuminated puppet show behind a curtain. The emperor was delighted and took to it from then on. This story recorded in the official history book is believed to be the origin of shadow puppetry.
两千多年前，汉朝的吴王的一个爱妃因病去世，吴王非常想念她以至于让他失去了统治的欲望。有一天，一位大臣偶然看到儿童玩玩偶，其影子在地板上很生动逼真。通过这个场景的启发，这个聪明的部长想出了一个主意。他做了妾的棉花娃娃，并把它涂上颜色。夜幕降临，他请皇帝观看窗帘后面的照亮的木偶剧。皇帝很高兴，从此喜欢上皮影戏。这个故事记录在官方的历史书上，被认为是皮影戏的起源。
Shadow puppets were first made of paper sculpture, later from the hides of donkeys or oxen. That’s why the Chinese name for shadow puppet is pi ying,which means shadows of hides. Shadow puppetry was very popular during the Tang and Song Dynasties in many parts of China.
皮影刚开始用纸做雕塑，后来用驴或牛的皮。这就是为什么在中国这被称为皮影戏，这意味着隐藏的阴影。皮影戏在唐宋时期非常流行在中国的许多地方。
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标签：传统文化 英语知识 皮影戏
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