一
霜降介绍
Introduction of Frost's Descent
中国传统农历将一年分为24个节气。霜降是第18个节气，也是秋天的最后一个节气。霜降不是降霜，而是预示天气寒冷，大地将产生初霜的现象。
The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Frost's Descent is the 18th solar term of the year and the last solar term of autumn. The Frost’s Descent does not mean descent of frost from sky to ground, but it indicates that the weather is becoming colder and colder and frost is beginning to appear.
二
霜降风俗
The Customs of Frost's Descent
1、吃柿子
Eating persimmons
霜降正是柿子成熟的时节。柿子营养丰富，具有清热润肺、防寒的功效。
柿子是许多地区人们喜爱的水果。霜降时吃柿子能帮助人们御寒和保护骨骼。在乡下，人们认为，如果霜降期间不吃柿子，嘴唇会干裂。
Persimmon is the favored fruit in many areas. Eating persimmons during Frost's Descent can help people resist the cold and protect the bones. In the countryside, people believe that their lips will crack if they don't eat persimmons during this period.
2、一年四季的好水果——苹果
Eating apples
霜降后的苹果糖度高，果肉也会变得更脆。在享受美味的同时，苹果具有的润肺、止咳、促消化的功能，也能帮助人们在秋季增强体质。
苹果是霜降时节推荐食用的水果之一。有很多描述吃苹果的好处的谚语，比如“饭后一苹果，老人赛小伙”，这等同于西方谚语所说的“一天一苹果，医生远离我”。食用苹果能起到润肺、解渴、助消化的作用。
The apple is one kind of recommended fruit during Frost's Descent. There are many sayings about apples' benefits in China,such as "Eat an apple after meals, even old men can be as strong as young men," just as the Western proverb goes, "An apple a day keeps the doctor away."
3、吃梨子
Eating pears
霜降期间还建议食用梨子，吃梨可促进体液分泌（利尿），清热化痰。
The pear is another recommended fruit during Frost's Descent, which can promote the secretion of body liquids, clear away heat and reduce sputum.
4、鸭子进补
Eating duck
鸭肉性寒，味甘，具有滋阴补虚、清热润燥的效果。讲究秋季进补的福建省南部，有霜降当天吃鸭子的习俗。
在福建南部和台湾地区，有一种习俗是霜降节气第一天吃鸭子。福建有句谚语:“一年补透透，不如补霜降。”在那里，吃鸭子是人们增重的一种方式。
It's a custom to eat duck on the first day of Frost's Descent in south Fujian province and Taiwan. There is a saying in Fujian which goes, “Even nourishing all year is not as good as nourishing the human body on the first day of Frost's Descent.” Eating duck is a way for people there to gain weight.
5、深秋暖栗
Eating chestnuts
霜降时吃板栗，有益于身体健康。板栗性暖、味甘，对滋养脾胃、活血、止咳化痰有很好的功效。
Eating chestnuts during Frost's Descent is beneficial for one's health. Chestnuts have a warm nature and sweet flavor, and are good for nourishing the spleen and stomach, invigorating the circulation of blood, relieving coughs and reducing sputum.
6、吃大枣
Eating dates
大枣是霜降期间市场上的新鲜水果之一。富含维生素的大枣能滋养血液，降低血压，提高人的免疫力，但吃太多对身体造成危害。
枣富含维生素，有助于补血降压，增强免疫力。但是，食用过量的枣对身体不好。腐烂的枣会导致头痛、头昏，甚至使人陷入生命危险。
The date is one of the fruits on the market during Frost’s Descent. Nutritious with a great number of vitamins, dates can nourish the blood, decrease blood pressure, and improve one’s immunity. But eating too many could be harmful. Rotten dates can cause headaches and dizziness or even put people’s lives in danger.
7、吃萝卜
Eating radish
山东人霜降喜食萝卜。白萝卜是一种营养价值较高、价格便宜的植物食物，民间自古就流传着“冬吃萝卜夏吃姜，不劳医生开处方”之谚语，现代也有人称萝卜为“土人参”。白萝卜还有增进食欲、帮助消化、止咳化痰、除燥生津的作用，此外白萝卜还有抗病毒、抗癌的作用。
Shandong people like to eat radish. White radish is a plant-based food with high nutritional value and low price. The proverb “Eat radish in winter and ginger in summer without the doctor's preion” has been circulating in the folk since ancient times. In modern times, some people call radish as “local ginseng”.White radish also has the effects of increasing appetite, helping digestion, relieving cough and reducing phlegm, removing dryness and promoting fluid production. In addition, white radish has anti-virus and anti-cancer effects.
8、吃牛肉
Eating Beaf
不少地方都有霜降吃牛肉的习俗。例如广西玉林，这里的人们习惯在霜降这天，早餐吃牛河炒粉，午餐或晚餐吃牛肉炒萝卜，或是牛腩煲之类的来补充能量，祈求在寒天里身体暖和强壮。除牛肉外，羊肉与兔肉也与霜降相宜。
Many places have the custom of eating beef with frost. For example, in Yulin, Guangxi, residents here are accustomed to eating Niuhe fried noodles for breakfast, beef stir-fried radish for lunch or dinner, or beef brisket pot to replenish energy and pray for warmth in winter. In addition to beef, lamb and rabbit meat are also suitable for frost.
9、登高望远
Climbing Mountains
在中国，秋天可能是色彩最丰富的季节，树叶从金黄色变成红色。每逢霜降来临，北方有登高远眺的习俗。因为秋季山林、高山空气新鲜，大气中的浮尘和污染物较少，而且登高有利于加速血液循环，提高肺活量。同时，霜降时节，天高云淡，枫叶尽染，登至高处放目远眺，心旷神怡，还可大大舒缓心情。
Autumn might be the most colorful season in China with the leaves turning from golden yellow to red. During the period, it is customary to climb mountains and look far into the distance in northern China. In autumn forests and on mountaintops, the air is fresh and there are less floating particles and pollutants. Moreover, mountain-climbing helps regulate the blood circulation and improve the lung capacity. Meanwhile, in the period of Frost’s Descent, the high sunlit clouds drift across a clear blue sky. The maple leaves reach the peak with dazzling colors. From the top of the mountain, people look far into the distance and enjoy the refreshing sight with a relaxed mind.
10、广西壮族自治区特色民俗——霜降节
Frost's Descent Festival
2014年，“壮族霜降节”被列入第四批国家级非物质文化遗产（intangible cultural heritage）代表性项目名录。
People in areas such as Daxin county in Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region celebrate the first day of Frost's Descent. In the Frost's Descent Festival, the Zhuang people offer sacrifices, dance and sing folk songs.
在广西壮族自治区大新县等地区，人们会在霜降节这天祭祀、跳舞、唱民歌。这个有着360多年历史的节日，是为了纪念抗击外敌侵略的女英雄岑玉音，因为她凯旋之日正值霜降节。
People in areas such as Daxin county in Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region celebrate the first day of Frost's Descent. In the Frost's Descent Festival, the Zhuang people offer sacrifices, dance and sing folk songs.
三
趣谚语
Fun Proverbs
停车坐爱枫林晚，霜叶红于二月花。
I stopped the coach as charmed by the maple woods; Frosted autumn leaves outshine February flowers in redness. (by Du Fu)
霜降摘柿子，立冬打软枣。
When frost falls, persimmon is picked and soft dates are beaten at the beginning of winter.
四
霜降节气相关表达
Frost's Descent
霜降
the 24 traditional Chinese solar terms
传统24节气
persimmon
n. 柿子
large difference in temperature
温差大
resist the cold
抵制寒冷
as the Western proverb goes
正如西方谚语所说
recommend
v. 推荐，建议
nourish
vt. 抚养；养育；滋养;支持；鼓励；培养
gain weight
长胖
sacrifice
n. 牺牲；祭祀；供品；vt.牺牲；舍弃；献出; 以…为祭品
五
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