09年12月英语六级模拟试卷及解析之三

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to writeacomposition on the topic "Problems about Reducing Students"HeavyBurden". You should write at least 150 words, and baseyourcomposition on the outline (given in Chinese) below。

1.目前学生负担过重的现状；

2.导致学生负担过重的原因；

3.减轻学生负担过重的措施。

Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(15minutes)

Soichiro Honda

The founder of Honda, Soichiro Honda was a mechanicalengineerwith a passion for motorcycle and automobile racing. Hondastartedhis company in 1946 by building motorized bicycles withsmall,war-surplus engines. Honda would grow to become the world"sleadingmanufacturer of motorcycles and later one of theleadingautomakers. Following its founder"s lead, Honda has alwaysbeen aleader in technology, especially in the area ofenginedevelopment。

Soichiro Honda was described as a maverick(特立独行的人) in a nationofconformists. He made it a point to wear loud suits andwildlycolored shirts. An inventor by nature who often joined thework onthe floors of his factories and research laboratories,Hondadeveloped engines that transformed the motorcycle into aworldwidemeans of transportation。

Born in 1906, Honda grew up in the town of Tenryu, Japan.Theeldest son of a blacksmith who repaired bicycles, theyoungSoichiro had only an elementary school education when, inhisteens, he left home to seek his fortune in Tokyo. An autorepaircompany hired him in 1922, but for a year he was forced toserve asa baby-sitter for the auto shop"s owner and his wife.Whileemployed at the auto shop, however, Honda built his own racingcarusing an old aircraft engine and handmade parts and participatedinracing. His racing career was short lived, however. Hesufferedserious injuries in a 1936 crash。

By 1937, Honda had recovered from his injuries. He establishedhisown company, manufacturing piston rings, but he found that helackeda basic knowledge of casting. To obtain it, he enrolled inatechnical high school, applying theories as he learned them intheclassrooms to his own factory. But he did not bother totakeexaminations at the school. Informed that he would notbegraduated, Honda commented that a diploma was "worth less thanamovie theater ticket. A ticket guarantees that you can get intothetheater. But a diploma doesn"t guarantee that you can makealiving."

Honda"s burgeoning company mass produced metal propellersduringWW Ⅱ, replacing wooden ones. Allied bombing and anearthquakedestroyed most of his factory and he sold what was leftto Toyotain 1945.

In 1946, he established the Honda Technical Research Institutetomotorize bicycles with small, war-surplus engines. Thesebikesbecame very popular in Japan. The institute soon beganmakingengines. Renamed Honda Motor in 1948, the companybeganmanufacturing motorcycles. Business executive Takeo Fujisawawashired to manage the company while Honda focused onengineering。

In 1951, Honda brought out the Dream Type E motorcycle,whichproved an immediate success thanks to Honda"s innovativeoverheadvalve design, The smaller F-type cub (1952) accounted for70% ofJapan"s motorcycle production by the end of that year. Apublicoffering and support from Mitsubishi Bank allowed Honda toexpandand begin exporting. The versatile C100 Super Cub, releasedin1958, became an international bestseller。

In 1959, the American Honda Motor was founded and soon beganusingthe slogan, "You meet the nicest people on a Honda," tooffset thestereotype of motorcyclists during that period. Thoughthe smallbikes were dismissed by the dominant American andBritishmanufacturers of the time, the inexpensive imports broughtnewriders into motorcycling and changed the industry forever intheUnited States。

Ever the racing enthusiast, Honda began entering hiscompany"smotorcycles in domestic Japanese races during the 1950s.In themid-1950s, Honda declared that his company would someday winworldchampionship events--a declaration that seemed unrealistic atthetime。

In June 1959, the Honda racing team brought their firstmotorbiketo compete in the Isle of Man Tourist Trophy race, thenthe world"smost popular motorcycle race. This was the first entryby aJapanese team. With riders Naomi Taniguchi, who finishedsixth,Teisuke Tanaka, who finished eighth, and Kiyoshi Kawashima,whowould later succeed Soichiro as Honda Motor president, asteammanager, Honda won the manufacturer"s prize。

However, they were not pleased with their performance.Kawashimaremrs: "We were clobbered. Our horsepower was less thanhalf thatof the winner."

Learning from this experience, Soichiro and his team workedevenharder to make rapid progress in their motorsports activities.Twoyears after their first failure, they were the sensation at theTTby capturing the first five places in both the 125ce and250ccclasses. The upstart Japanese had outclassed all their rivals.As aresult of the team"s stellar performance, the Honda namebecamewell known worldwide, and its export volume rosedramatically.Soichiro seemed to have foreseen the future of Japan,which, twentyyears later, was to become one of the world"sleadingeconomies。

Honda would become the most successful manufacturer in allofmotorcycle racing. Honda has since won hundreds of nationalandworld championships in all forms of motorcycle competition。

While Honda oversaw a worldwide company by the early-1970s(Hondaentered the automobile market in 1967)， he never shied awayfromgetting his hands greasy. Sol Sanders, author of a Hondabiography,said Honda appeared "almost daily" at the research labwheredevelopment work was being done. Even as president of thecompany,"he worked as one of the researchers," Sanders quoted aHondaengineer as saying. "Whenever we encountered a problem, hestudiedit along with us."

In 1973, Honda, at 67, retired on the 25th anniversary ofHonda"sfounding. He declared his conviction that Honda shouldremain ayouthful company. "Honda has always moved ahead of thetimes, and Iattribute its success to the fact that the firmpossesses dreamsand youthfulness," Honda said at the time。

Unlike most chief executive officers in Japan, who step downtobecome chairmen of their firms, Honda retained onty the titleof"supreme adviser". In retirement, Honda devoted himself topublicservice and frequent travel abroad. He received the Order oftheSacred Treasure, first class, the highest honor bestowed byJapan"semperor. He also received the American auto industry"shighestaward when he was admitted to the Automotive Hall of Fame in1989.Honda was awarded the AMA"s highest honor, the Dud PerkinsAward,in 1971.

Honda died on August 5, 1991 from liver failure at 84. Hiswife,Sachi, and three children survived him。

1. Soichiro Honda was a man who preferred to wearplainclothes。

2. When enrolled in a technical high school to obtainbasicknowledge of casting, Soichiro Honda finally got the diplomaafterattending the examinations。

3. Like most chief executive officers in Japan, SoichiroHondaStepped down to become chairmen of Honda after hisretirement。

4. Even as the president of a worldwide company, SoichiroHondawould work at the research lab with the employees。

5. Following its founder"s lead, Honda has always been a leaderintechnology, especially in the area of ______。

6. After WW Ⅱ, Honda mounted ______ on bicycles andthesemotorized bicycles sold rapidly in Japan。

7. A public offering and support from ______ allowed Hondatoexpand his business and begin to invade theinternationalmarket。

8. In 1959, the American Honda Motor used the slogan," ______"tochange the negative image of motorcyclists in America。

9. In 1959 with their first motorbike Honda racingteamparticipate in ______ race, which was the most popularmotorcyclerace at that time。

10. According to Honda, ______ are, the major factors that ledtothe success of Honda company。

Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)

Section A

Questions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you havejustheard。

11. A) The class thought the demonstration was too complex。

B) Too many students showed up。

C) The professor didn"t show up。

D) The professor cancelled it。

12. A) Many guests didn"t give a performance at the party。

B) Many guests didn"t show their faces. They are masks。

C) The party wasn"t held, because many guests didn"t come。

D) The party was held last night, but many guests didn"tcome。

13. A) She prefers the stadium。

B) She agrees with the man。

C) The light isn"t bright enough。

D) The dining hall isn"t large enough。

14. A) Four contestants failed to win prizes. B) The manateduring the show。

C) The woman missed the show. D) Five contestants won cars。

15. A) Riding a horse. B) Shooting a movie。

C) Playing a game. D) Taking a photo。

16. A) She"s going away for a while。

B) She did well on the test。

C) She worked hard and earned a lot of money。

D) She"s didn"t have to work hard for the exam。

17. A) Susan is a fast worker。

B) Susan did Jack"s homework。

C) Susan didn"t do the homework on her own。

D) Susan has not finished her homework。

18. A) He read the cabinet report. B) He read the newspaper。

C) He listened to a radio report. D) He"s secretarytelephonedhim。

Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you havejustheard。

19. A) He wants to finish his term paper that day。

B) He has seen the film before。

C) He has another appointment。

D) He wants to go to the cinema with Yamada。

20. A) The rules are too hard to follow。

B) The guests should give some presents to the hosts。

C) Only tea is served at the tea ceremonies。

D) The food is not as important as the atmosphere inteaceremonies。

21. A) Taking off his shoes. B) Washing his hands in a pool。

C) Washing his hands in a stone basin. D) Bowing to thehosts。

22. A) In bamboo chairs. B) On bamboo mats。

C) On the floor. D) On knees。

Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you havejustheard。

23. A) She had her vacation there. B) She took a divingcoursethere。

C) She was there on a field trip. D) She visited amarineexhibition。

24. A) She spent most of her time under the sea。

B) She spent most of her time lying in the sun。

C) She Spent most of her time looking for sunken treasure。

D) She spent most of her time taking photographs of the sca。

25. A) Planktons are too small to be seen。

B) Most planktons have transparent tissues。

C) Most planktons are practically invisible to predators。

D) Planktons are fascinating organisms。

Section B

Passage One

Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you havejustheard。

26. A) Because a headman had no legal authority。

B) Because people didn"t own land。

C) Because there were no strict laws against homicide。

D) Because there were limited resources。

27. A) A man who had a dispute with the man whose wifewasstolen。

B) A man who borrowed goods from the man whose wifewasstolen。

C) A man who wanted to be superior to the man whose wifewasstolen。

D) A man who was attracted b7 the beauty of aparticularwoman。

28. A) The lack of a real form of government structure。

B) The creativeness of Eskimos。

C) The excitement of a legal system with strict laws。

D) The strong judicial powers of a headman。

Passage Two

Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you havejustheard。

29. A) 1788. B) 1840. C) 1842. D) 1850.

30. A) European immigrants flooded into the city。

B) More and more rushed there for gold。

C) It became a resting place for US soldiers。

D) The Darling Harbor redevelopment project boostedtheexpansion。

31. A) 7 years. B) 9 years。

C) 12 years. D) 16 years。

Passage Three

Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you havejustheard。

32. A) They can easily learn quite long poems by heart。

B) They can remr long story by heart。

C) They can remr almost everything they have read。

D) They can remr things they have only read once。

33. A) Because they are too small to understand the rules。

B) Because they are absent minded。

C) Because they have so little time for it。

D) Because they are not interested in it。

34. A) A camera. B) A film. C) Photo. D) Picture。

35. A) Time. B) Memory. C) Habit. D) Text-book。

Section C

Smoking means something different to various cultures. In (36),many people smoke. In the winter, it is often (37) to breatheinthe cafes because of the tobacco (38) in the air. InRomania,smoking is an (39) social habit. Women, (40) , do not smokeon thestreet. The brand of (41) a person smokes shows his/her (42),especially if it is a foreign (43) 。

In Latin American cultures, smoking is very common. (44) 。

In parts of Asia, tobacco is used in wedding ceremonies andinreligious offerings. It is also used in many kinds of occasions.InCambodia, (45) .In Vietnam, people are often smoking atbusinessmeetings and in coffee houses. Most of the women inCambodia andVietnam tend not to smoke. But when they enter afriend"s home,they may be given a tobacco leaf to chew on. Duringthe war,Vietnamese soldiers would smoke to pass the time whilewaiting togo into battle. (46)

Smoking was a comforting thing to do. In both VietnamandCambodia, people who were not smokers before the war, startedtosmoke during the war and became addicted。

Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension(Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)

Section A

The discovery that language can be a barrier to communicationisquickly made by all who travel, study, govern or sell. Whethertheactivity is tourism, research, government, policing, businessordata dissemination, the lack of a common language canseverelyimpede progress or can halt it altogether。

Although communication problems of this kind must happenthousandsof times each day, very few become public knowledge.Publicity comesonly when a failure to communicate has majorconsequences, such asstrikes, lost orders, legal problems or fatalaccidents--even, attimes, war. One reported instance ofcommunication failure tookplace in 1970, when several Americansate a species of poisonousmushroom. No remedy was known, and twoof the people died withindays. A radio report of the case washeard by a chemist who knew ofa treatment that had beensuccessfully used in 1959 and published in1963. Why had theAmerican doctors not heard of it seven yearslater? Presumablybecause the report of the treatment had beenpublished only injournals written in European languages other thanEnglish。

Several comble cases have been reported. But isolated examplesdonot give an impression of the size of the problem--somethingthatcan come only from studies of the use or avoidanceofforeign-language materials and contacts in differentcommunicativesituations. In the English- speaking scientific world,for example,surveys of books and documents consulted in librariesand otherinformation agencies have shown that very littleforeign-languagematerial is ever consulted. Library requests in thefield ofscience and technology showed that only 13 percent were forforeignlanguage periodicals。

The language barrier presents itself in stark form to firmswhowish to market their products in other countries. Britishindustry,in particular, has in recent decades often been criticizedfor itslinguistic insularityfor its assumption that foreign buyerswill behappy to communicate in English, and that awareness ofotherlanguages is not therefore s priority. In the 1960s, overtwo-thirds of British firms dealing with non-English-speakingcustomerswere using English for outgoing correspondence; many hadtheirsales literature only in English; and as many as 40percentemployed no-one able to communicate in the customer"slanguages. Asimilar problem was identified in otherEnglish-speaking countries,notably the USA, Australia and NewZealand. And non-Englishspeaking countries were by no meansexempt--although the widespreaduse of English as an alternativelanguage made them less open tothe charge of insularity。

The criticism and publicity given to this problem since the1960sseems to have greatly improved the situation. Industrialtrainingschemes have promoted an increase in linguistic andculturalawareness. Many firms now have their own translationservices. Somefirms run part-time language courses in the languagesof thecountries with which they are most involved; some producetheir owntechnical glossaries, to ensure consistency when materialis beingtranslated. It is now much more readily appreciated thatmarketingefforts can be delayed, damaged or disrupted by a failureto takeaccount of the linguistic needs of the customer。

47. Language problems may come to the attention of the publicwhenthey have ______ such as fatal accidents or socialproblems。

48. What can we infer about American doctors from the case ofthepoisonous mushrooms?

49. Evidence of the extent of the language barrier can begainedfrom ______ of materials used by scientists such as booksandperiodicals。

50. An example of British linguistic insularity is the useofEnglish for materials such as ______。

51. What ways have been used by the British companies to solvetheproblem of language barrier since the 1960s?

Section B

Passage One

On the last shopping day before Christmas, stores acrosstheUnited States were busy but not jam-packed as shoppersscrambledfor last-minute gifts, even though some refused to admitit. AtBoston"s Copley Mall, a small crowd gathered outside themainentrance of luxury department store Neiman Marcus, but noonewaiting for the store to open would admit to being alast-minuteshopper. "I"m really here to use a gift certificate andgetsomething for myself and maybe someone else with what"s leftover,"said Matt Doran, who lives in Boston and had been waitingsince8:30 a.m. for the store"s 10 a.m. opening. Ilya Polykoff, whomovedto Boston from Russia, said he was waiting "because I had thedayoff and I wanted to get some perfume." But he insisted that hewasreally shopping early because for him Christmas comes inJanuary.The Orthodox Christmas will be celebrated on Jan. 7.

"There are lots of men out there today," said Karen McDonald,aspokes-woman for mall operator Taubman Centers, afterreturningfrom the Lakeside Mall in Sterling border="1" Heights,Michigan. "There ispanic out there but people seem to be in goodspirits," she said,adding that most shopping traffic peaked aroundmidday. Accordingto the International Council of Shopping Centers,Decr 24 was thesixth busiest holiday shopping day in 1997, while 44percent ofholiday sales were recorded in the Decr 15 to Decr 24period. EdNally, manager of the Swatch Store known mostly for itsbrightlycolored plastic watches, described the atmosphere asfestive ratherthan crazed. He did say, however, that Dec. 21 wasthe turningpoint date, after which shoppers started. "The closer toChristmas,the crazier they get," Nally said. "They become moreagitated, lesspatient." He said red-hot items this year werephones, beepers andthe new digital swatch watch that costs $ 70 andcame onto themarket a week before Christmas。

52. The best title for this passage is ______。

A) Last-Minute Christmas Shoppers Fill U.S. Stores

B) Digital Watches Are the Red hot Items This Year

C) The Excuse of the Last-Minute Shoppers

D) Christmas, the Best Shopping Season

53. From the passage we can infer that people would not admittobe a last-minute shopper because ______。

A) they wanted to use a gift certificate

B) Christmas would be celebrated on Jan. 7th

C) they did not want gifts recipients to know that theyboughtthem gifts on the last day

D) they bought gifts during the shopping season lasting fromDecr15th to Decr 24th

54. Which of the following statement is true?

A) Most customers came to the mall early in the morning。

B) Shop assistants were most busy at noon。

C) There were more shoppers in the mall from 7:00 to 9:00p.m。

D) Less people went shopping around midday。

55. Which of the following statement is NOT true?

A) More people went shopping on Dee. 20th than on Dec.22ndaccording to Ed Nally。

B) On Dec. 24th, people were crowded outside Boston"s CopleyMall,but they were happy。

C) Dec. 24th was the sixth busiest holiday shopping dayin1997.

D) One can buy brightly colored plastic watches inSwatchStore。

56. The word "festive" in graph 2 can not be understoodas______。

A) cheery B) fetish C) joyous D) merry

Passage Two

A few years ago, Ann and Walter Taylor thought it might be timetomove out of their New York City apartment to the suburbs. Theyhadone young son and another child on the way. But after monthsoflooking, they became discouraged and decided to buy anoldtownhouse right in the middle of Brooklyn, which is a part ofNewYork City. To their delight, they discovered that they weren"ttheonly young couple to have made such a decision. In fact, theentirearea in Brooklyn had been settled by young families. And asaresult, the neighborhood, which had been declining for years,wasnow being restored。

Brooklyn isn"t the only city in the United States toexperiencethis kind of renewal. So are Philadelphia and St. Louis.AndCharleston, South Carolina, has so successfully rebuilt itsoldcentral area that it now ranks as one of America"s mostcharmingcities. The restoration of the old port city of Savannah,Georgia,is also living proof that downtown areas do not need todie. Butencouraging as these developments may be, they are amongthe fewbright spots in a mass of difficulties that today"s citiesface.Indeed, their woes are so many that it is fair to ask whetherornot the inner city, the core of most urban areas will managetosurvive at all。

In the 1940a, urban Americans began a mass move to the suburbsinsearch of fresh air, elbowroom, and privacy. Suburbs begantosprawl out across the countryside. Since most of those makingthemove were middle-class, they took with them the tax moneythecities needed to maintain the neighborhoods in which theyhadlived. The people left in the cities were often those who weretooold or too poor to move. Thus, many cities began to fallintodisrepair. Crime began to soar, and public transportationwasneglected. (In the past sixty years San Francisco is the onlycityin the United States to have completed a new mass transitsystem。)Meanwhile, housing construction costs continued to risehigher andhigher. Middle-class housing was allowed to decay, andlittle newhousing was constructed。

Eventually, many downtown areas existed for business only.Duringthe day they would be filled with people working in offices,and atnight they would be deserted. Given these circumstances,somebusiness executives began asking, "Why bother with goingdowntownat all? Why not move the offices to the suburbs so that wecan liveand work in the same area?" Gradually, some of the largercompaniesbegan moving out of the cites, with the result that urbancentersdeclined even further and the suburbs expanded still more.Thismovement of businesses to the suburbs is not confined to theUnitedStates. Businesses have also been moving to the suburbsinStockholm, Sweden, in Bonn, Germany, and in Brussels, Belgium,aswell。

But it may well be that this movement to the suburbs hasreachedits peak. Some people may be tired of spending longhourscommuting, and they may have begun to miss the advantagesofculture and companionship provided by city life. Perhapsthedecision made by the Taylors is a sign that people will returntothe cities and begin to restore them. h begins to look asifsuburban sprawl may not have been the answer to man"s needtocreate an ideal environment in which to live and work。

57. The author of the passage suggests that ______。

A) moving to suburbs is not the answer to an idealenvironment

B) cities are likely to be replaced by the suburbs

C) downtown areas are too crowded to live

D) American people moves lot in history

58. The word "elbowroom" in graph 3 most probablymeans"______。

A) private space B) room to move freely

C) peaceful places D) confined room

59. Which of the following statements is true?

A) There are just old and poor people left in the cities。

B) The movement to the suburbs begins to decline。

C) Downtown areas must die in the future。

D) Suburbs are sure to replace cities。

60. Why have businesses been moving to suburbs?

A) Because the environment is pleasant in the suburbs。

B) Because the suburbs have developed rapidly。

C) Because rich people have moved to suburbs。

D) Because many people work in cites and live in suburbs. 61.Manycities began to fall into disrepair in the 1940s because______。

A) housing construction costs continued to rise

B) housing was allowed to decay

C) many people moved out of the cities

D) only old and poor people were left in the cities

Part Ⅴ Error Correction (15 minutes)

In the past, women tended to assume that they wouldbeovertaken

by men in the race to the top. And, today"s young women arefarless 62. ______。

philosophical about their status and are more aggressive intheir63. ______。

resentment in being treated as in some way inferior than men.Onthe 64. ______。

other hand, since lack of drive is one of the criticismsleveledwith 65. ______。

women, perhaps this aggression is a positive advantage.Someyoung

women, though, find it very difficult to come to term withthefeeling that 66. ______。

characteristics of authority which are acceptable in men areoftennot

acceptable in women. A reason often advanced for women failtoreach the 67. ______。

top is their desire for balance between work and a lifeoutsidework。

Employers know this and tend, when a woman with youngchildren

applies for promotion, treat the fact that she has youngchildrenas an 68. ______。

important factor and, giving the choice, are more likely togivepromotion 69. ______。

to. a man than to her。

What about women whose children are almost grown up? Well,the

writers of the study recommend a far much more positiveapproachto 70. ______。

women who want to return to their careers before theirchildrenare off 71. ______。

their hands。

Part Ⅵ Translation (5 minutes)

72. Due to big floods in thesouth,___________________(中央政府不得不动用储备以渡过粮食危机)。

73. Although my boss is verypositive,___________________(我确信这项所谓的明智的决定，与预期相反，会带来严惩的后果)。

74. To their greatastonishment,___________________(在调查中，他们发现了种种形式的腐败并揭露了许多贪污的官吏)。

75. As the chiefaccountant,___________________(玛丽的两难处境在于是把真相告诉老板还是让他蒙在鼓里而辜负他的信任)。

76. We have every reason to believe Jasonfor___________________(他是一位有经验的老师，知道如何将学生的最佳状态发挥出来)。

参考答案(3)

Part I Sample Writing

Problems about Reducing Students" Heavy Burden

Nowadays, students" heavy burden makes them so nervous thatitdoes harm to their health. It is not difficult to find out toomanyproblems appearing in our society; some students give upstudying,even kill themselves. Some other students go to kill theirparentsor their teachers because they can"t bear any more。

The factors that lead to students" heavy burden are thefollowingthree: firstly, it is because of educational system. Suchsystemforces students to learn too much complex but uselessinformation.Secondly, schools only quest for higher rate ofentering schools.In order to get higher rate, schools try theirbest to do moretraining so that students can"t have their sparetime. Thirdly,parents have good wishes. Parents do not want theirchildren tofail in the future competition. They have no other waybut to sendtheir children to attend more training。

It becomes urgent to reduce students" heavy burden now. In myownopinion, it is important to change the educational system intohighquality education system, to reduce the content of thetraining, tochange the way of evaluating education quality, tochange parentsand society"s attitude towards talents. All these arethe basicways that help reduce students" heavy burden。

Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)

1. N 2. N 3. N 4. Y

5. engine development

6. small, war-surplus engines

7. Mitsubishi Bank

8. You meet the nicest people on a Honda。

9. the Isle of Man Tourist Trophy

10. dreams and youthfulness

Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension

Section A

11--15 DDBCD 16--20 BCBCD 21--25 CBCAA

Section B

26--30 DCACA 31--35 DACAB

Section C

36. France 37. difficult 38. smoke 39. acceptable

40. however 41. cigarette 42. wealth 43. brand

44. Some men think that smoking makes them looks more manly. Asinother cultures, smoking is a way to socialize and belong

45. the bride lights her husband"s cigarette to show herdevotionto him

46. Cambodian men smoked when they took a break from workinginthe fields, to ease their hunger and to keep mosquitoes away

Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)

Section A

47. major consequences

48. They probably only read reports written in English。

49. surveys/ studies

50. sales literature outgoing correspondence

51. Industrial training schemes, translation services,part-timelanguage courses and technical glossaries。

Section B

52--56 ACBAB 57--61 ABBDC

Part V Error Correction

62. And→However/But

63. in→at

64. than→to

65. with→against

66. term→terms

67. fail→failing 或在 fail 之前插入who

68. 在treat 之前插入to

69. giving→given

70. 删除far或much

71. before→after

Part Ⅵ Translation

72. the central government had to draw on its reserves so astopull through the food crisis

73. I"m convinced that, contrary to expectations, theso-calledinformed decision will bring grave consequences

74. in the course of their investigation, they discoveredvariousforms of political corruption and exposed a number ofcorruptedofficials

75. Mary"s dilemma was whether to tell her boss the truth ortobetray his trust by keeping him in the dark

76. he is an experienced teacher and knows how to bring outthebest in his students

Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)

1.由第二段第一、二句“Soichiro Honda was described as a maverick in anationof conformists.He made it a point to wear loud suits andwildlycoloredshirts。”可知在强调顺从和一致的国度里，本田是个特立独行的人。他坚持穿花哨的西装，异常艳丽的衬衫。故本题判断为NO。

2.由第四段中后半部分“To obtain it, he enrolled in a technicalhighschool，...But he did not bother to take examinations attheschool.Informed that he would not be graduated，Honda commentedthata diploma was"worth less than a movie theater ticket.Aticketguarantees that you can get into the theater.But a diplomadoesn"tguarantee that you can makealiving"”。可见他不屑为了获得文凭而参加考试。故此题判断为NO。

3.由第十六段中的；“Unlike most chief executive officers in Japan，whostepdown to become chairmen of their firms，Honda retained onlythetitle of"supreme adviser"”判断此题为NO。

4.由第十四段“While Honda oversaw a worldwide company bytheearly-1970s(Honda entered the automobile market in 1967)，henevershied away from getting his hands greasy....Even as presidentofthe company，"he worked as one of the researchers，"Sanders quotedaHonda engineer as saying."Whenever we encountered aproblem，hestudied it alongwithus."”可见本田从不摆架子，喜欢和职员一起在实验室解决技术问题。故此题判断为YES。

5.由第一段最后一句“Following its founder"s lead，Honda has always beenaleader in technology，especially in the area ofenginedevelopment。”可见本田在引擎技术方面一直领先。故正确答案为“engine development”。

6.由第六段第一、二句“In 1946，he established the Honda TechnicalResearchInstitute to motorize bicycles with small，war-surplusengines.Thesebikes became very popularinJapan。”可本见田把战争剩下的小引擎装在自行车上。这种有了动力的自行车在日本很受欢迎。故本题答案为“small，war-surplusengines”。

7.由第七段第三句“A public offering and support from MitsubishiBankallowed Honda to expand andbeginexporting。”可见三菱银行的支持使本田得以扩大发展并进军国际市场，开始出口。故本题答案为“MitsubishiBank”。

8.由第八段第一句“In 1959，the American Honda Motor was founded andsoonbegan using the slogan，You meet the nicest people on aHonda，"tooffset the stereotype of motorcyclists duringthatperiod。”可见本田公司用这样的一个口号去改变美国人对摩托车手的消极看法。故本题答案为“You meet thenicestpeople on a Honda。”。

9.由第十段第一句“In June 1959，the Honda racing team brought theirfirstmotorbike to compete in the Isle of Man Tourist Trophyrace，thenthe world"s most popular motorcycle race。”可见本题正确答案为“theIsle of ManTourist Trophy”。

10.由第十五段第二句“"Honda has always moved ahead of the times，andIattribute its success to the fact that the firm possessesdreamsand youthfulness，"Honda said atthetime。”可见本田认为是梦想和朝气使本田公司一直领先于时代。故本题答案为“dreams andyouthfulness”

Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension(听力原文在光盘中)

Tape t of Listening Comprehension

Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 shortconversationsand 2 long conversations. At the end of eachconversation, one ormore questions will be asked about what wassaid. Both theconversation and the questions will be spoken onlyonce. After eachquestion there will be a pause. During the pause,you must read thefour choices marked A)， B)， C) and D)， and decidewhich is the bestanswer. Then mark the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 2 with asingle line through the center。

11. W: Why didn"t you have your geology class today?

M: Only three out of a class of twenty-five showed up. Sincetheprofessor had planned to present a complex demonstration,hedecided to cancel the class until everybody could be present。

Q: Why didn"t the geology class meet today?

12. M: Did the party come off last night ?

W: Yes, but many didn"t show up。

Q: What do we learn from the conversation?

13. M: The light in this dining hall is a little too bright,don"tyou think?

W: I say it"s perfect for a football stadium。

Q: What does the woman mean?

14. W: There was a new quiz show on television last night, butwewere just sitting down to dinner when it came on。

M: I watched it and it was great! The first four contestantswononly small prizes, but the fifth left with a new luxury car。

Q: What happened last night?

15. W: Raise your hat a little bit and hold the saddle and smilealittle. You look wonderful posing like that. Shall I presstheshutter?

M: Wait a minute. Let me put on a cowboy hat。

Q: What are the speakers doing?

16. M: Congratulations. You certainly did quite well and Imustsay you deserve that grade。

W: Well, I really studied hard for that exam I"ve beenpreparingfor it for more than a month. Now, I can relax for awhile。

Q: Why is the woman so happy？

17. M: It"s hard to believe that Susan has already finishedherhomework。

W: Well, she copied Jack"s homework and made a few changes。

Q: What does the woman say about Susan？

18. W: Mr. Johnson, have you heard the morning news report?Millhas resigned his post as Prime Minister。

M: I didn"t turn on the radio this morning, but I did seetheheadlines. If you remr, he threatened to leave the office atthelast cabinet meeting。

Q: How did Mr. Johnson learn that the Prime Ministerhasresigned?

Now you"ll hear two long conversations。

Conversation One

W: Hi, Mike. I wonder if you have time to go with me to thecinemathis Sunday。

M: Oh, I planned to finish my term paper that day, butYamadainvited me to a tea ceremony at his home。

W: Really? You"re lucky! The tea ceremony is a special formofentertainment for distinguished guests。

M: Yes, the tradition of tea ceremony has existed for aboutsixhundred years. But, to be frank, I know little about thosespecialand strict rules of the ceremony。

W: It"s not as hard as you imagine. I happened to havebeeninvited to one tea ceremony once. I think I can give yousomesuggestions。

M: Oh, that"s good。

W: Remr, no matter what kind of tea ceremony you attend, theyhaveone thing in common, that is, guests are invited to enjoy amomentof peace and calm。

M: Do you mean that the atmosphere is more important thanthecakes and the tea itself?

W: Yes. And don"t forget to wash your hands in a rock waterbasinbefore entering the tea-room。

M: It sounds interesting. Is there a special room for ateaceremony?

W: Of course. The room is very simple but very beautiful. Thehostand the guests will all sit on a kind of bamboo matsnamed"tatami"。

M: I know. I"m practicing to sit on my knees on the floorthesedays. My knees ached a lot。

W: But I"m sure the tea ceremony will release your pain andmakeyou feel happy and peaceful。

Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you havejustheard。

19. Why couldn"t Mike go to the cinema with Jane this Sunday?

20. What is in common at all tea ceremonies?

21. According to the dialogue, what should the guest dobeforeentering the tea-room?

22. How will people sit at the tea ceremonies?

Conversation Two

W: Hi, Tom!

M: Judy. I haven"t seen you in weeks. Where have you been?

W: In Florida。

M: What vacationing! While the rest of us studying on thecampusin February cold?

W: Not exactly. I spent most of my time under water。

M: I don"t understand。

W: I was on a special field trip. I went with my marinebiologyclass。

M: So you went scuba diving. What were you looking for?Sunkentreasure?

W: You might say so. The sea"s full of treasures. All kindsofstrange fascinating organisms. Our class concentrated onstudyingplankton。

M: I found plankton were too small to be seen。

W: That"s a common misconception. The term plankton covers awildvariety of freely flowing plants and animals, from microscopiconecell organisms to larger ones, such as the common jellyfish。

M: Jellyfish may be large enough to be seen. But theyaretransparent, aren"t they?

W: Yes, most planktons have transparent tissues asprotectedcamouflage, it makes them practically invisible topredators。

M: But not invisible to your biology class, I hope。

W: By concentrating, I was able to see the outlines of lotsofdifferent plankton plants and animals. In fact, our professoreventook photographs of gastropods, which are small oceanicsnails。

M: How would the snails show up in the photographs oftheirtransparence?

W: We scoured it with harmless green dye since particles ofthedyes stuck to their tissues, the snails appeared in greenoutlinein the photographs。

M: That sounds like an interesting trip. But I think if I"dbeenin Florida in February, I"d much rather spend my time justswimmingand lying in the sun。

Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you havejustheard。

23. Why was the woman in Florida?

24. Where did the woman spend most of her time while she wasinFlorida?

25. What is NOT true about plankton according to the woman?

Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages.Atthe end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Boththepassage and the questions will be spoken only once. After youheara question, you must choose the best answer from the fourchoicesmarked A)， B)， C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letteronAnswer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center。

Passage One

An unusual form of legal system prevailed in Eskimo societiesinthe harsh Arctic regions. Eskimo societies were organizedintolocal groups that lacked any real form of government, althoughtheyhad a headman who led the group. The headman had no legalorjudicial authority, and there were very few laws in thesecultures.The Eskimos also recognized few crimes against propertybecausepeople did not own land. The custom of freely borrowinggoods fromeach other also discouraged stealing。

In the past, certain Eskimo cultures permitted some formsofhomicide, including the killing of sickly infants, senile orsicklyelderly persons, and invalids. These actions were approved sothatthe society"s resources could be used to support thehealthy.Access to modern transportation and medicine has greatlychangedthis situation。

In the Eskimos" cultures, wife stealing was not a crime, anditwas usually committed by a man who sought to outrank sociallytheman whose wife was stolen. Legal disputes, such as wifestealing,were settled by the murder of the offender (and the riskof apossible feud with the offender"s relatives) or by a songcontestduring which each party insulted the other. The winnerisdetermined by whoever received the most applause。

Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you havejustheard。

26. Why was the killing of the sick not considered criminalinEskimo societies?

27. What kind of man usually committed wife stealing?

28. What does the unusual way that legal disputes weresettledreflect?

Passage Two

Sydney recorded history began with the arrival of the FirstFleetand its English criminals and soldiers on January 26,1788.Transportation of criminals to Sydney did not stop until 1840andshortly afterwards, in 1842, Sydney was declared a city.Thepopulation grew rapidly during this period, helped by thediscoveryof gold and the gold rush of 1850.

Sydney suffered little during WWII. After the war,Europeanimmigrants flooded into the city, and Sydney spreadrapidlywestwards. It also picked up one of its most famouslandmarks in1957. The architect Jorn Utzon won a competition todesign theSydney Opera House. In 1966, before the completion of theOperaHouse, Utzon resigned in frustration. Another architecturalteamtook over, and the Opera House was opened in 1973.

During the Vietnam war, Sydney became a major resting stopoverforUS soldiers and an entertainment area developed by King"sCrossmaintains to this day. The Bicentennial celebrations in 1988andthe massive Darling Harbour redevelopment project boostedthecity"s development, and today the economy is doing well。

After winning the bid to host the 2000 Olympic Games, Sydneyputvast amounts of money into city construction and this isevidentwhen walking through the city today. Nowadays Sydney haspeoplefrom over one hundred countries. It has a population ofnearly 4million. The city provides excellent places to satisfyanyvisitor"s needs。

Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you havejustheard。

29. When was Sydney declared a city?

30. Why did Sydney expand rapidly after WWII?

31. How long did it take to design and build the SydneyOperaHouse?

Passage Three

Some people have very good memories, and can easily learnquitelong poems by heart. There are other people who can onlyremrthings when they have said them over and over。

The famous English writer, Charles Dickens said that he couldwalkdown any long street in London and then tell you the name ofeveryshop he had passed. Many of the great men of the world havehadwonderful memories。

A good memory is a great help in learning a language.Everybodylearns his own language by remring what he hears when heis a smallchild, and some children seem to learn two languagesalmost aseasily as one. In school it is not so easy to learn asecondlanguage because the pupils have so little time for it, andtheyare busy with other subjects as well。

A man"s mind is rather like a camera, but it takes photos notonlyof what we see but of what we feel, hear, smell and taste.When wetake a real photo with a camera, there is much to do beforethephoto is finished and ready to show to our friends. In the samewaythere is much work to be done before we can keep a pictureforeverin our minds。

Memory is the diary that we all carry about with us。

Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you havejustheard。

32. What can some people do if they have very goodmemoryaccording to the passage?

33. Why is it difficult for the pupils to learn a secondlanguagein school?

34. What is the man"s mind like according to the passage?

35. What is a great help learning a language?

Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage threetimes.When the passage is read for the first time, you shouldlistencarefully for its general idea. When the passage is read forthesecond time, you are required to fill in the blanks numberedfrom36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. Forblanksnumbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in themissinginformation. For these blanks, you can either use the exactwordsyou have just heard or write down the main points in yourownwords. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time,youshould check what you have written。

Smoking means something different to various cultures. InFrance,many people smoke. In the winter, it is often difficult tobreathein the cafes because of the tobacco smoke in the air. InRomania,smoking is an acceptable social habit. Women, however, donot smokeon the street. The brand of cigarette a person smokesshows his/herwealth, especially if it is a foreign brand。

In Latin American cultures, smoking is very common. Some menthinkthat smoking makes them look more manly. As in othercultures,smoking is a way to socialize and belong。

In parts of Asia, tobacco is used in wedding ceremonies andinreligious offerings. It is also used in many kinds of occasions.InCambodia, the bride lights her husband"s cigarette to showherdevotion to him. In Vietnam, people are often smoking atbusinessmeetings and in coffee houses. Most of the women inCambodia andVietnam tend not to smoke. But when they enter afriend"s home,they may be given a tobacco leaf to chew on. Duringthe war,Vietnamese soldiers would smoke to pass the time whilewaiting togo into battle. Cambodian men smoked when they took abreak fromworking in the fields, to ease their hunger and to keepmosquitoesaway。

Smoking was a comforting thing to do. In both VietnamandCambodia, people who were not smokers before the war, startedtosmoke during the war and became addicted。

Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)

Section A

47.第二段第二句“Publicity comes only when a failure to communicatehasmajor consequences， such as strikes，lost orders，legal problemsorfatal accidents—even，at times，war。”中的“Publicity”就是题目中的“come totheattention of thepublic”，由此可见，当语言障碍导致“重大后果(majorconsequences)”，如罢工等等社会问题或者致命的事故时，才会引起关注。因此，答案为“majorconsequences”。

48.毒蘑菇事件是作者在第二段关于语言问题导致致命事故所举的例子。第二段最后一句作者讲道“Presumablybecausethe report of the treatment had been published only injournalswritten in European languages otherthanEnglish。”，由此我们可以推断美国医生大概很少读用英语以外的语言所写的报道或论著。故答案为“They probablyonlyread reports written in English”。

49.第三段第二句“But isolated examples do not give an impression ofthesize of the problem- something that can come only from studiesofthe use or avoidance of foreign-language materials and contactsindifferent communicative situations。”中的“size oftheproblem”就是指问题的严重程度，即题目中的“extent of thelanguagebarrier”。可见“研究”外语材料的使用情况可以帮助了解语言障碍问题的程度。由此，答案可以是“studies”。第三段第三句“IntheEnglish-speaking scientific world，for example，surveys of booksanddocuments consulted in libraries and other information agencieshaveshown that very little foreign-language material isevercnsulted。”指出调查信息机构中书和文件的查阅情况可以知道对外语材料的查阅很少。可见“调查”这些材料的查阅情况可以获得证据。由此，答案也可以是“surveys”。

50.由第四段第三句“In the 1960s，over two-thirds of British firmsdealingwith non-English- speaking customers were using English foroutgoing correspondence；many had their sales literature onlyinEnglish”可见他们用英语来写往来函件和产品说明、销售宣传这样的一些材料。由于题目只要求写出一个例子，所以答案可以是“salesliterature”或者“outgoingcorrespondence”。

51.文章最后一段提到了20世纪60年代以来英国的各家公司用于解决语言障碍问题的四种方法：“Industrialtrainingschemes have promoted an increase in linguistic andculturalawareness.Many firms now have their own translationservices.Somefirms run part-time language courses in the languagesof thecountries with which they are most involved；some producetheir owntechnical glossaries，to ensure consistency when materialis beingtranslated。”，因此，答案为“Industrial trainingschemes，translationservices，part-time language courses andtechnical glossaries。”。

Section B

52.主旨题。第一段开始便提到，尽管是圣诞节前最后一天，人们却拒绝承认是last-minuteshoppers。第一段首句即本文的中心句，后面描述的现象以及采访顾客的对答都是对本文论点的论证。其中，第一段第二句“butnoone waiting for the store to open would admit to beingalast-minute shopper”更是点睛之笔。因此，正确答案为A项。

53.因果推断题。人们拒绝承认是last-minuteshoppers是因为担心收到礼物的人认为该礼物是最后一刻才购买的，难免会让人失望。选项C文中并没有提及，但是按人之常情以及排除法可以断定正确答案为C项，其中，选项A是被采访的人不愿意承认的托词，选项B只是对来自俄罗斯的Polykoff说是如此。

54.细节判断题。由第二段第二句“most shopping traffic peakedaroundmidday”可以判断选项A、选项C、选项D选项错误。因此，正确答案为B项。

55.细节判断题。第一段开篇提及“the last shopping daybeforeChristmas”，第二段第二句提及“people seem to be ingoodspirits”，因此选项B是对的。第二段第三句“Decr 24 was the sixth busiestholidayshopping day in 1997”，由此可以判断选项C也是正确的。文中最后谈及“brightlycoloredplastic watches in Swatch Store”，由此断定选项D正确。因此，正确答案为A项。

56.词义推断题。圣诞节前的商店气氛“the atmosphereasfestive”，而不是crazed(疯狂的)，可以推断出festive大约是“快乐的，节日的”的意思。文前还提到“peopleseemto be ingoodspirits”，由此可以判断festive的意义相当于cheery，joyous，happy，merry。因此，正确答案为B项。

57.推断题。作者提到，过去人们大量移居郊区使得城市建设一度破落，商业区迁至郊区进一步加剧了城市的没落。但人们最终厌倦了每天在城市和郊区之间数小时的往返，开始怀念城市的文化生活，最终重新搬回城市。文章最后得出结论：向郊区迁移并不能为我们创建一个理想的工作和生活环境。因此，答案为A项。

58.词义推断题。结合上下文可以看出人们迁往郊区是为了改善工作和生活环境。第三段中提到的新鲜空气、个人的私密性和“elbowroom”都是城市没有而郊区拥有的。与郊区相比，城市的活动空间相对狭小，由此可以推断“elbowroom”是指自由活动的空间。因此，正确答案为B项。

59.细节题。第三段中提到“The people left in the cities were often thosewhowere too old or too poortomove。”但选项A说留下的只有(just)老人和穷人，太过于绝对，因而排除。由第二段第四句可知选项C错误。最后一段提到泰勒夫妇的决定表明人们最终将回到城市，重新建设城市，因此郊区不可能替代城市，故选项D也错误。因此，正确答案为B项。

60.细节题。第四段提到人们白天进城工作，晚上离城回家。因此有人提出“Why bother with goingdowntownat all? Why not move the offices to the suburbs so that wecan liveand work in the samearea?”不如把商业也迁至郊区，省得人们两地奔波。故正确答案为D项。

61.细节属。从第三段第三、四、五句可知纳税人迁离城市使城市没有足够的资金去维护和建设，因而破败失修。因此正确答案为C项。

Part V Error Correction

62.本文第一句话陈述了女性过去对于高层职位的态度，但第二句话话锋一转，一直到本文结束，作者摆出了当代女性对高层职位的态度“today"syoungwomen are far less philosophical a bout theirstatuesand.。.”，这表明女性的态度发生了转变，因此使用表示转折的关联词才符合上下文语境。

63.本题为习惯搭配。resentment之后习惯使用at，如：Everybody feels resentmentatbeing treated unfairly。

64.inferior to为习语。

65.level against sb。意指“对某人提出的批评/控告”，与上下文意义吻合。

66.习语come to terms (with)意为“达成协议，妥协”，如，They came to termsafterlong bargaining。他们经过长时间的讨价还价之后达成了协议。

67.现在分词短语或定语从句修饰women。

68.与谓语动词tend构成不定式，后。接宾语treat the fact that she has youngchildrenas an important factor。

69.根据上下文given此处有granting or assuming thatonehas，表示“假定，倘若”，如：Given good health，I hope to finish the workthisyear。假如身体健康，我希望今年完成这工作。

70.只需要其中之一修饰more positive即可。

71.根据上下文，其逻辑关系应为表达“当她们的孩子成年后”。

Part Ⅵ Translation

72.[注释]此句关键在于“动用”和“渡过”两个谓语动词的翻译。“动用”应使用词组drawon来表示；而“渡过”则应该使用pullthrough来表示。

73.[注释] 此句的翻译关键之一是I"m convincedthat.。.句型。此外“明智的决定”既可以翻译为informeddecision也可以翻译为wisedecision。“严重的后果”中“严重”既可以用grave来表达，也可以用severe或serious表示。

74.[注释]本句是并列句，句子结构简单。此句的翻译主要在于两个谓语动词“发现”和“揭露”，可译为discover和expose。

75.[注释] 本句第一是考查“两难处境”的翻译，应为dilemma；其次是whether to...orto.。.句型的使用；再次，是“蒙在鼓里”的翻译，为固定表达，keep sb. in the dark。

76.[注释] 本句翻译的重点在于“将……最佳状态发挥出来”，也就是句型bring out the best in...。 (来源：人民网-教育频道)